Taking Blood Thinners

How to Use These Medicines Safely

Blood thinners are medicines you take to prevent blood clots or keep them from growing larger. Your doctor may prescribe a type of blood thinner called an anticoagulant, like warfarin, heparin or a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC).

You could be prescribed blood thinners to reduce your risk of clots after surgery or a stroke, or to treat a long-term heart or lung condition. How long you take them depends on things like the location and cause of a clot, your risk of forming one, other medical conditions and your age.

When you take blood thinners, it’s harder for your body to form blood clots to stop bleeding. This can make injuries more dangerous. Follow these tips to stay safe while taking blood thinners:

• Take blood thinners exactly as prescribed. Don't skip doses or double up if you forget.
• Tell your doctor all the medicines you take, especially any with aspirin in them. Also ask about food and medicine interactions.
• Before any medical or dental procedure, tell healthcare staff you take blood thinners.
• Don’t skip blood tests. Regular blood tests can help your healthcare team make sure you are getting the safest dose of blood thinners.
• Avoid sports and activities that increase your risk of injury. If you can’t avoid them, use protective gear like gloves or a helmet.
• Use grooming products that are less likely to make you bleed, like a soft-bristle toothbrush and electric razor.

Possible Side Effects

Severe bleeding is rare, but ask your doctor about your risk and other possible side effects. Call 911 if you have any symptoms of a serious bleed:

• blood in your urine or bowel movements  
• vomiting or coughing up blood
• bleeding that doesn’t stop
• strong headache, stomach pain or dizziness

Some blood thinners can cause birth defects, so tell your doctor if you could be pregnant.